India and Brazil are exploring an unprecedented defense exchange that could allow both nations to trade high-value military assets instead of relying on financial transactions, as reported by regional media sources.
Preliminary discussions suggest India would obtain Brazil’s Embraer C-390 Millennium airlifters, while Brazil would acquire an equivalent value of Indian defense technology and equipment.
If approved, the initiative would mark a milestone in India–Brazil defense relations, bolstering strategic autonomy, and reinforcing trade cooperation within the BRICS alliance.
The C-390 Millennium, a modern multi-mission transport aircraft, is a leading contender in India’s Medium Transport Aircraft program aimed at replacing the Indian Air Force’s Soviet-era Il-76 fleet.
Capable of transporting 26 tons (52,000 pounds) of cargo, refueling aircraft in flight, and operating from short or rough airstrips, the C-390 is well-suited for India’s challenging terrains, including the Himalayan region.
Embraer’s offer includes potential local production under India’s “Make in India” initiative, supporting domestic capability growth.
For Brazil, the prospective deal could accelerate the modernization of its air fleet as it prepares to retire the long-serving F-5 fighter jets. The Tejas Mk1A light fighter is reportedly under consideration as a cost-effective supplement to the Brazilian Air Force’s Gripen fighters.
Brazil has also shown growing interest in India’s indigenous Light Combat Helicopter (LCH) Prachand — a high-altitude, versatile platform ideal for operations in dense forests or maritime zones.
